{"id":4146,"date":"2026-09-17T07:37:58","date_gmt":"2026-09-17T07:37:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/voxsahel.com\/?p=4146"},"modified":"2026-09-17T07:37:58","modified_gmt":"2026-09-17T07:37:58","slug":"douanes-le-burkina-veut-traquer-la-fraude-a-la-source-des-importations-chinoises","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/voxsahel.com\/?p=4146","title":{"rendered":"Douanes : Le Burkina veut traquer la fraude \u00e0 la source des importations chinoises"},"content":{"rendered":"

Et si la meilleure arme contre la fraude douani\u00e8re se trouvait dans les donn\u00e9es d\u00e9tenues par le pays exportateur ? C\u2019est l\u2019un des enjeux majeurs de la mission officielle conduite en Chine par le directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des Douanes du Burkina Faso, <\/span>l\u2019inspecteur divisionnaire Yves Kafando<\/span>. \u00c0 P\u00e9kin, la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation burkinab\u00e8 explore avec l\u2019Administration g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des Douanes chinoise de nouveaux m\u00e9canismes de coop\u00e9ration autour du partage d\u2019informations, de la digitalisation et de l\u2019analyse des risques.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019enjeu d\u00e9passe la simple modernisation administrative. Pour le Burkina Faso, il s\u2019agit aussi de <\/span>s\u00e9curiser les recettes douani\u00e8res et de mieux prot\u00e9ger le march\u00e9 national<\/span>, dans un contexte o\u00f9 les importations en provenance de Chine occupent une place importante dans les \u00e9changes commerciaux.<\/span><\/p>\n

La facture commerciale au c\u0153ur du dispositif<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Le rapprochement des donn\u00e9es constitue l\u2019un des principaux axes de la coop\u00e9ration envisag\u00e9e. Concr\u00e8tement, les informations relatives aux marchandises d\u00e9clar\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019exportation en Chine pourraient \u00eatre confront\u00e9es aux donn\u00e9es enregistr\u00e9es lors de leur arriv\u00e9e au Burkina Faso.<\/span><\/p>\n

Une telle approche permettrait aux services douaniers de disposer d\u2019un outil suppl\u00e9mentaire pour identifier les incoh\u00e9rences susceptibles de r\u00e9v\u00e9ler des pratiques frauduleuses : <\/span>sous-\u00e9valuation des marchandises, fausses d\u00e9clarations d\u2019esp\u00e8ce ou d\u2019origine, manipulations de factures ou discordances entre les volumes d\u00e9clar\u00e9s et les marchandises effectivement import\u00e9es<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pour l\u2019administration douani\u00e8re, le changement de paradigme est important. Il ne s\u2019agit plus seulement de contr\u00f4ler la marchandise au passage de la fronti\u00e8re, mais de pouvoir <\/span>anticiper le risque avant m\u00eame son arriv\u00e9e<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

De la fronti\u00e8re physique \u00e0 la fronti\u00e8re num\u00e9rique<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Cette \u00e9volution traduit une transformation profonde du m\u00e9tier de douanier. La fronti\u00e8re n\u2019est plus uniquement un lieu o\u00f9 l\u2019on inspecte des cargaisons. Elle devient \u00e9galement un espace o\u00f9 s\u2019\u00e9changent des donn\u00e9es permettant de profiler les op\u00e9rations, d\u2019identifier les anomalies et de cibler les contr\u00f4les.<\/span><\/p>\n

La digitalisation prend ainsi une dimension \u00e9conomique. En automatisant et en croisant davantage les informations, l\u2019administration peut concentrer ses moyens sur les op\u00e9rations pr\u00e9sentant les risques les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s, tout en facilitant le passage des marchandises jug\u00e9es conformes.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019objectif est donc de r\u00e9soudre une \u00e9quation devenue centrale : <\/span>contr\u00f4ler davantage l\u00e0 o\u00f9 le risque est \u00e9lev\u00e9 et ralentir moins l\u00e0 o\u00f9 le risque est faible<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Un enjeu direct pour les recettes publiques<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dans un pays sans acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la mer, la fluidit\u00e9 des corridors commerciaux constitue un facteur d\u00e9terminant pour les op\u00e9rateurs \u00e9conomiques. Chaque retard suppl\u00e9mentaire dans la cha\u00eene logistique peut se traduire par des co\u00fbts additionnels pour les importateurs et, in fine, pour les consommateurs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mais la facilitation des \u00e9changes ne saurait se faire au d\u00e9triment de la mobilisation des recettes. La mission conduite par Yves Kafando cherche pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment \u00e0 renforcer cet \u00e9quilibre entre <\/span>performance fiscale, c\u00e9l\u00e9rit\u00e9 du d\u00e9douanement et lutte contre la fraude<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

La coop\u00e9ration avec la Chine appara\u00eet, \u00e0 ce titre, comme un levier potentiel. Une meilleure circulation de l\u2019information entre administrations peut permettre de r\u00e9duire les asym\u00e9tries d\u2019information dont peuvent profiter certains op\u00e9rateurs frauduleux.<\/span><\/p>\n

La technologie ne suffit pas<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019exp\u00e9rience chinoise int\u00e9resse \u00e9galement la partie burkinab\u00e8 pour son approche globale de la modernisation douani\u00e8re. Car la transformation num\u00e9rique ne se limite pas \u00e0 l\u2019acquisition de logiciels ou d\u2019\u00e9quipements.<\/span><\/p>\n

Elle suppose des proc\u00e9dures adapt\u00e9es, des textes capables d\u2019accompagner les nouvelles pratiques commerciales, des syst\u00e8mes interconnect\u00e9s et surtout des agents suffisamment form\u00e9s pour exploiter les donn\u00e9es disponibles.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autrement dit, <\/span>la technologie n\u2019a de valeur que si elle am\u00e9liore effectivement la qualit\u00e9 du contr\u00f4le et la rapidit\u00e9 du service<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cette approche s\u2019inscrit dans la dynamique de transformation de l\u2019administration financi\u00e8re port\u00e9e par le ministre de l\u2019\u00c9conomie et des Finances, <\/span>le Dr Aboubakar Nacanabo<\/span>. Pour les Douanes, l\u2019ambition est de faire de la donn\u00e9e un v\u00e9ritable actif strat\u00e9gique au service de la mobilisation des recettes et de la protection de l\u2019\u00e9conomie.<\/span><\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s P\u00e9kin, la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation burkinab\u00e8 mettra le cap sur Shanghai pour participer \u00e0 <\/span>Huawei Connect 2026<\/span>. L\u2019intelligence artificielle, le cloud et la connectivit\u00e9 devraient \u00eatre au centre de cette nouvelle \u00e9tape.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pour la Douane, l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat est d\u2019examiner comment ces technologies peuvent contribuer \u00e0 passer d\u2019une logique essentiellement r\u00e9active \u00e0 une logique davantage pr\u00e9dictive : d\u00e9tecter les signaux faibles, mieux hi\u00e9rarchiser les risques et intervenir avant que la fraude ne se mat\u00e9rialise.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le Burkina Faso ne cherche toutefois pas \u00e0 copier le mod\u00e8le chinois. L\u2019enjeu est plut\u00f4t d\u2019en extraire les solutions transposables \u00e0 ses propres r\u00e9alit\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n

Car derri\u00e8re la modernisation douani\u00e8re se joue une question beaucoup plus large : <\/span>comment s\u00e9curiser chaque franc de recette, fluidifier les \u00e9changes et r\u00e9duire l\u2019espace \u00e9conomique laiss\u00e9 \u00e0 la fraude ?<\/span> La r\u00e9ponse pourrait passer de plus en plus par les donn\u00e9es, l\u2019intelligence artificielle et la coop\u00e9ration entre administrations.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Et si la meilleure arme contre la fraude douani\u00e8re se trouvait dans les donn\u00e9es d\u00e9tenues<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4147,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[888,18,746,142,146,588,370,310,103,808,886,678],"class_list":["post-4146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-developpement","tag-beijing","tag-burkina-faso","tag-direction-generale-des-douanes","tag-douane","tag-douanes-du-burkina-faso","tag-mobilisation-de-recettes","tag-observatoire-pour-la-celerite-des-operations-douanieres-au-burkina-faso","tag-organisation-mondiale-des-douanes","tag-ouagadougou","tag-pekin","tag-republique-populaire-de-chine","tag-taxes-douanieres"],"yoast_head":"\nDouanes : Le Burkina veut traquer la fraude \u00e0 la source des importations chinoises - 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